Lesson 3 - Natural Selection and Examples
Lesson Objectives
A. Content Objective: Be able to explain how natural selection occurs using evolution-specific language and describe natural selection in the following situations; antibiotic resistance and one other example.
B. Language Objective: Using a visual notes format or Cornell format, create a set of notes explaining one example of evolution using the following guidelines:
What is the struggle for existence (or how is the environment changing)?
What variations in phenotype and genotype existed?
Which phenotypes were better adapted?
What happened to the individuals’ number of offspring that were better adapted?
What happens to the allele frequency over time?
C. Syllabus Statements:
i. Natural selection can only occur if there is variation among members of the same species.
ii. Adaptations are characteristics that make an individual suited to its environment and way of life.
iii. Mutation, meiosis, and sexual reproduction cause variation between individuals in a species.
iv. Application: Evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
v. Selective breeding of domesticated animals shows that artificial selection can cause evolution.
Activites
Activity 1 - Pre-Lesson Cornell-Style Notes on Natural Selection
Syllabus Statements:
i. Natural selection can only occur if there is variation among members of the same species.
ii. Adaptations are characteristics that make an individual suited to its environment and way of life.
iii. Mutation, meiosis and sexual reproduction cause variation between individuals in a species.
iv. Application: Evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
v. Selective breeding of domesticated animals shows that artificial selection can cause evolution.
Expectations: Create a set of CORNELL-Style notes, using any of the links below. The notes should address all the syllabus statements above.
Menus:
Video:
Sources of variation - Alex Lee (iii)
Natural Selection in 5 minutes or less (2:57min actually) - (i, ii, iii)
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria (iv)
Reading:
Understanding Evolution - Natural selection (i)
Understanding Evolution - Artificial selection (selective breeding) (v)
Understanding Evolution - Adaptation (ii)
Understanding Evolution - Antibiotic Resistance (iv)
Book:
Pearson Book - 228-238 (i-v)
Submit to Google Classroom when you finish
Activity 2 - Evolution Circus Activity
This activity you will be creating information about one example of natural selection.
Links are available below. For this activity you will need to:
1. Describe the organisms and the environment they live in.
2. Describe and explain the adaption using visual note-taking or Cornell-Style Notes
3. Explain how and why the adaption evolved using evolution-specific language. This includes:
a. Struggle for Existence
b. Individual variation in population
c. Inheritance and overproduction of offspring
d. Some individuals are better adapted
e. The environment changes
f. Better adapted survive
g. Better adapted pass on their traits
h. The allele frequency changes
Examples of Evolution
a. Antibiotic Resistance - http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/medicine_03
b. Domestication of Dogs – Link 1, Link 2
c. Human fishing practices on fish evolution - http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/conover_01
d. Lactase (really, really cool!) - http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/070401_lactose
e. Lactase Round 2 (new research)
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-02067-2
e Biological Warfare in salamanders - http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/biowarfare_01
*Everyone needs to do antibiotic resistance and then pick another example.
Activity 3
Please get with 3 other members of the class and share each of your examples of natural selection. Use the examples to complete the worksheet below. Please see the example for the format.
Activity 4 - Evolution Card Sort
On Google Classroom
Activity 1
ReHome Learning
A. Strengthen Your Skills
Mr. C's Natural Selection Video
Mr. C's Antibiotic Resistance and Natural Selection Video
B. Expand Your Knowledge
How Darwin came up with Natural Selection