Content Objective: To explain how glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain results in the production of ATP.
Language Objective: Using the whiteboards, describe the process of glycolysis, krebs cycle the the electron transport chain.
Syllabus Details:
In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cytoplasm
Glycolysis gives a small net gain of ATP without the use of oxygen
In aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is decarboxylated and oxidized, and converted into acetyl compound and attached to coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A in the link reaction
In the Krebs cycle, the oxidation of acetyl groups is coupled to the reduction of hydrogen carriers, liberating carbon dioxide.
Energy released by oxidation reactions is carried to the cristae of the mitochondria by reduced NAD and FAD.
Transfer of the electrons between carriers in the electron transport chain in the membrane of the cristae is coupled to proton pumping
In chemiosmosis protons diffuse through ATP synthase to generate ATP
Oxygen is needed to bind with the free protons to maintain the hydrogen gradient, resulting in the formation of water
Analysis of diagrams of the pathways of aerobic respiration to decide where decarboxylation and oxidation reactions occur
Activity 1 - Notes
A. Strengthen Your Skills
Notes (this updates as I update)
Videos
ATP Synthase - There are a few details about number of protons and so forth. Do not worry about this.
Crash Course - Cell Respiration - video
Khan Academy - Cell Respiration - video
B. Expand Your Knowledge
Evolution of cell respiration - Interesting in that fermentation probably evolved first and cell respiration probably developed from photosynthesis.
36 or 38 ATP molecules? Ummm. No clear answer. 38 ATP molecules is the total theoretical yield, that said this can depend on many factors (click here). In the IB world – 36 APT molecules is the “accepted” value.